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But how can you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative manner I love to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. Whatever you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Obviously, this guessing is all done by your computer. The more powerful your computer is, the further guesses you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right guess, your mining system determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can validate it. Its somewhat similar to a Rubiks cube: The solution is quite tough to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions that you chose to include in the cube.
4. The machine generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the cube youve only entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is just a by-product of this transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and be granted the right to upgrade the blockchain. Of course, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a manner that the more mining power the network has, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics issue. So the difficulty of the mining process is actually self-adjusting into the accumulated mining power the network owns. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to solve the problem; when many of them fall off, it is going to get easier. This is known as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to get the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only people mining Bitcoin back at the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was reduced. Since Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.